Polydopamine Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Systems in 2025: Transforming Precision Medicine and Accelerating Market Growth. Explore the Next Wave of Targeted Therapeutics and Industry Expansion.
- Executive Summary: 2025 Market Landscape and Key Drivers
- Technology Overview: Polydopamine Nanoparticles in Drug Delivery
- Current Applications in Oncology, Neurology, and Beyond
- Leading Innovators and Industry Stakeholders (e.g., nanocomposix.com, merckgroup.com)
- Regulatory Environment and Clinical Trial Progress
- Market Size, Segmentation, and 2025–2030 Growth Forecasts
- Competitive Analysis: Strategies and Partnerships
- Emerging Trends: Smart Nanocarriers and Personalized Medicine
- Challenges: Scalability, Biocompatibility, and Regulatory Hurdles
- Future Outlook: Disruptive Potential and Investment Opportunities
- Sources & References
Executive Summary: 2025 Market Landscape and Key Drivers
The market for polydopamine (PDA) nanoparticle drug delivery systems is poised for significant growth in 2025, driven by advances in nanotechnology, increasing demand for targeted therapeutics, and the unique properties of PDA as a biocompatible and versatile material. Polydopamine, inspired by the adhesive proteins of mussels, has emerged as a leading nanomaterial for drug delivery due to its strong surface adhesion, ease of functionalization, and excellent biocompatibility. These characteristics enable the encapsulation and controlled release of a wide range of therapeutic agents, including small molecules, proteins, and nucleic acids.
In 2025, the adoption of PDA-based nanocarriers is being accelerated by the pharmaceutical sector’s focus on precision medicine and the need for improved delivery platforms for complex biologics. Major pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies are investing in the development and commercialization of PDA nanoparticle systems, recognizing their potential to enhance drug solubility, stability, and bioavailability. For example, Thermo Fisher Scientific and Sigma-Aldrich (Merck KGaA) are prominent suppliers of polydopamine and related nanomaterials, supporting both research and early-stage clinical development. These companies provide high-purity PDA nanoparticles and surface modification kits, facilitating rapid prototyping and scale-up for drug delivery applications.
The clinical translation of PDA nanoparticle drug delivery systems is also being propelled by collaborations between academic research centers and industry. In 2025, several preclinical and early-phase clinical studies are underway, focusing on oncology, infectious diseases, and gene therapy. PDA’s inherent photothermal and photodynamic properties are being leveraged for combination therapies, particularly in cancer treatment, where PDA nanoparticles can serve as both drug carriers and agents for photothermal ablation. The ability to conjugate targeting ligands and imaging agents to PDA surfaces further enhances their utility in theranostics, a rapidly growing field that integrates therapy and diagnostics.
Regulatory agencies are increasingly recognizing the safety profile of PDA-based systems, with guidance emerging on the characterization and quality control of nanomaterials. The outlook for the next few years suggests continued expansion, with market growth supported by rising investment in nanomedicine and the entry of new players specializing in advanced drug delivery technologies. Companies such as Creative Biolabs and Nanomaterials Company are expanding their portfolios to include custom PDA nanoparticle synthesis and functionalization services, catering to the evolving needs of pharmaceutical developers.
In summary, the 2025 market landscape for polydopamine nanoparticle drug delivery systems is characterized by robust R&D activity, increasing commercial availability of high-quality materials, and a favorable regulatory environment. The sector is expected to witness accelerated adoption in both research and clinical settings, driven by the demand for safer, more effective, and customizable drug delivery solutions.
Technology Overview: Polydopamine Nanoparticles in Drug Delivery
Polydopamine (PDA) nanoparticles have rapidly emerged as a versatile platform in drug delivery systems, leveraging their unique physicochemical properties, biocompatibility, and ease of functionalization. As of 2025, PDA-based nanocarriers are at the forefront of research and early-stage commercialization, with several companies and research institutions advancing the field toward clinical translation.
PDA nanoparticles are inspired by the adhesive proteins of mussels, enabling them to form robust coatings on a wide range of substrates. This property allows for the facile conjugation of therapeutic agents, targeting ligands, and imaging molecules, making PDA an attractive candidate for multifunctional drug delivery. The inherent photothermal and antioxidant properties of PDA further enhance its utility, particularly in cancer therapy, where combined drug delivery and photothermal ablation are being actively explored.
Recent years have seen a surge in the development of PDA-based drug delivery systems for targeted cancer therapy, antimicrobial applications, and controlled release formulations. For example, PDA nanoparticles have been engineered to encapsulate chemotherapeutic agents such as doxorubicin, with surface modifications enabling targeted delivery to tumor cells and stimuli-responsive release in the tumor microenvironment. The ability of PDA to scavenge reactive oxygen species also offers protective effects for sensitive payloads and tissues.
Several biotechnology and nanomaterials companies are investing in the scale-up and commercialization of PDA nanoparticle technologies. Merck KGaA (operating as Sigma-Aldrich in the research sector) supplies polydopamine and related nanomaterials for laboratory and preclinical research, supporting the development of new drug delivery formulations. Thermo Fisher Scientific also provides PDA nanoparticles and surface modification kits, facilitating rapid prototyping and testing by pharmaceutical developers. Meanwhile, Nanocs Inc. specializes in custom synthesis of functionalized PDA nanoparticles, catering to both academic and industrial R&D.
Looking ahead, the next few years are expected to witness the transition of PDA-based drug delivery systems from preclinical studies to early-phase clinical trials, particularly in oncology and regenerative medicine. The modularity of PDA chemistry is likely to drive innovations in personalized medicine, enabling the design of patient-specific nanocarriers with tailored drug release profiles and targeting capabilities. Regulatory pathways for nanomedicines are also evolving, with industry bodies such as the U.S. Food and Drug Administration providing updated guidance on the characterization and safety assessment of nanoparticle-based therapeutics.
In summary, polydopamine nanoparticle drug delivery systems are poised for significant growth and technological maturation in 2025 and beyond, with strong support from leading suppliers and increasing interest from the pharmaceutical industry in harnessing their multifunctional potential.
Current Applications in Oncology, Neurology, and Beyond
Polydopamine (PDA) nanoparticle drug delivery systems have rapidly advanced from laboratory research to preclinical and early clinical applications, particularly in oncology and neurology. As of 2025, these systems are being explored for their unique properties: biocompatibility, strong adhesive capabilities, and facile surface modification, which enable targeted and controlled drug release.
In oncology, PDA nanoparticles are being developed to enhance the delivery of chemotherapeutic agents, improve tumor targeting, and reduce systemic toxicity. Several biotechnology companies and academic-industry collaborations are focusing on PDA-based carriers for drugs such as doxorubicin and paclitaxel. For example, Creative Biolabs offers custom synthesis and functionalization of PDA nanoparticles for research and preclinical studies, supporting the development of tumor-targeted delivery systems. PDA’s photothermal properties are also being harnessed for combined chemo-photothermal therapy, where near-infrared irradiation triggers localized heating and drug release, maximizing tumor cell destruction while sparing healthy tissue.
In neurology, PDA nanoparticles are under investigation for crossing the blood-brain barrier (BBB), a major challenge in treating central nervous system (CNS) disorders. The surface chemistry of PDA allows for conjugation with targeting ligands such as transferrin or peptides, facilitating BBB penetration. Companies like Sigma-Aldrich (a subsidiary of Merck KGaA) supply PDA nanoparticles and related reagents, enabling research into neuroprotective drug delivery and imaging agents for diseases like Alzheimer’s and glioblastoma. Early-stage animal studies have demonstrated improved brain accumulation and therapeutic efficacy of PDA-based nanocarriers compared to conventional formulations.
Beyond oncology and neurology, PDA nanoparticles are being explored for antimicrobial delivery, wound healing, and cardiovascular applications. Their inherent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, combined with the ability to load diverse therapeutic agents, make them attractive for these indications. Nanocs Inc. provides PDA-coated nanoparticles for a range of biomedical research applications, supporting innovation in these emerging fields.
Looking ahead, the next few years are expected to see the first clinical trials of PDA nanoparticle drug delivery systems, particularly in cancer and CNS disorders. Regulatory pathways are being clarified as more preclinical safety and efficacy data become available. The scalability of PDA nanoparticle synthesis and the versatility of surface modification are likely to drive broader adoption in personalized medicine and combination therapies. As industry and academic partnerships deepen, PDA-based nanomedicines are poised to become a significant component of advanced drug delivery strategies by the late 2020s.
Leading Innovators and Industry Stakeholders (e.g., nanocomposix.com, merckgroup.com)
The field of polydopamine (PDA) nanoparticle drug delivery systems is experiencing significant momentum in 2025, with a growing number of industry stakeholders and innovators advancing both the science and commercialization of these platforms. PDA nanoparticles, inspired by the adhesive properties of mussel-derived dopamine, offer unique advantages such as biocompatibility, tunable surface chemistry, and strong drug-loading capabilities, making them highly attractive for targeted and controlled drug delivery applications.
Among the leading companies, nanoComposix stands out for its expertise in the synthesis and functionalization of nanoparticles, including PDA-based systems. The company provides custom nanoparticle solutions for research and clinical translation, supporting pharmaceutical partners in the development of next-generation drug delivery vehicles. Their focus on scalable manufacturing and rigorous quality control is helping to bridge the gap between laboratory innovation and real-world medical applications.
Another major player, Merck KGaA (operating as MilliporeSigma in the US and Canada), is actively involved in supplying high-purity dopamine monomers and related reagents essential for the fabrication of PDA nanoparticles. Merck’s broad portfolio of nanomaterials and its global distribution network position it as a key supplier to both academic and industrial R&D teams working on PDA-based drug delivery systems. The company’s ongoing investments in nanotechnology infrastructure and regulatory support are expected to accelerate the clinical translation of PDA-enabled therapeutics.
In addition, Sigma-Aldrich, now part of Merck, continues to be a primary source for research-grade chemicals and nanomaterials, including those used in the synthesis of polydopamine nanoparticles. Their catalog supports a wide range of customization options, enabling researchers to tailor PDA nanoparticles for specific drug delivery challenges, such as cancer therapy, gene delivery, and antimicrobial treatments.
Looking ahead, the next few years are expected to see increased collaboration between material suppliers, pharmaceutical companies, and clinical research organizations. The integration of PDA nanoparticles with other nanotechnologies—such as gold or magnetic nanoparticles for theranostic applications—is a key trend, with companies like nanoComposix and Merck KGaA well-positioned to drive innovation. Regulatory pathways for nanomedicines are also evolving, with industry stakeholders engaging with agencies to establish safety and efficacy standards for PDA-based drug delivery systems.
Overall, the landscape in 2025 is characterized by robust industry engagement, expanding product portfolios, and a clear trajectory toward clinical adoption, with leading innovators and suppliers playing pivotal roles in shaping the future of polydopamine nanoparticle drug delivery.
Regulatory Environment and Clinical Trial Progress
The regulatory landscape for polydopamine (PDA) nanoparticle drug delivery systems is evolving rapidly as these materials transition from laboratory research to clinical and commercial applications. As of 2025, PDA nanoparticles are being actively investigated for their biocompatibility, tunable surface chemistry, and potential to enhance targeted drug delivery, particularly in oncology and regenerative medicine. However, the path to regulatory approval remains complex, with agencies such as the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Medicines Agency (EMA) requiring comprehensive data on safety, efficacy, and manufacturing consistency.
Currently, most PDA nanoparticle-based therapeutics are in preclinical or early-phase clinical trials. The regulatory focus is on demonstrating the absence of long-term toxicity, immunogenicity, and off-target effects. In 2024 and 2025, several academic-industry collaborations have advanced to Phase I/II trials, particularly in the United States, Europe, and China. For example, companies like Nanocs and Sigma-Aldrich (a subsidiary of Merck KGaA) supply research-grade PDA nanoparticles and have reported increased demand from pharmaceutical partners developing clinical candidates. These suppliers are also working to align their manufacturing processes with Good Manufacturing Practice (GMP) standards, a prerequisite for clinical and commercial use.
The regulatory environment is also shaped by evolving guidance on nanomedicine. The FDA’s Nanotechnology Task Force and the EMA’s Innovation Task Force have both issued updated recommendations in 2024, emphasizing the need for detailed characterization of nanoparticle size, surface properties, and degradation profiles. These agencies are encouraging early engagement with sponsors to address unique challenges posed by PDA’s adhesive and redox-active properties, which can influence biodistribution and drug release kinetics.
In China, the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) has established a dedicated review pathway for nanomedicines, expediting the evaluation of innovative drug delivery systems. Several Chinese biotech firms, such as XBiotech and Nanoshel, are actively developing PDA-based formulations and have announced plans to initiate first-in-human studies by late 2025.
Looking ahead, the next few years are expected to see a surge in clinical trial initiations and regulatory submissions for PDA nanoparticle drug delivery systems. The industry outlook is cautiously optimistic, with regulatory agencies signaling openness to novel nanomaterials, provided that robust safety and efficacy data are presented. Continued collaboration between manufacturers, academic researchers, and regulators will be critical to translating PDA nanotechnology from bench to bedside.
Market Size, Segmentation, and 2025–2030 Growth Forecasts
The market for polydopamine (PDA) nanoparticle drug delivery systems is poised for significant growth between 2025 and 2030, driven by increasing demand for advanced nanocarrier technologies in oncology, infectious diseases, and regenerative medicine. Polydopamine, inspired by the adhesive proteins of mussels, offers unique advantages such as biocompatibility, ease of surface modification, and strong drug-loading capacity, making it an attractive platform for next-generation drug delivery solutions.
As of 2025, the global market for PDA-based drug delivery systems is still in its early commercialization phase, with most products in preclinical or early clinical development. However, several biotechnology and nanomedicine companies are actively advancing PDA nanoparticle platforms. For example, Creative Peptides and Nanomaterials Company are among the suppliers offering polydopamine nanoparticles for research and development, supporting both academic and industrial innovation. These companies provide customizable PDA nanoparticles, enabling tailored drug conjugation and surface functionalization for targeted delivery applications.
Market segmentation is expected to evolve rapidly through 2030. Key segments include:
- Therapeutic Area: Oncology remains the largest segment, with PDA nanoparticles being explored for targeted chemotherapy, photothermal therapy, and immunotherapy. Infectious diseases and regenerative medicine are emerging segments, leveraging PDA’s antimicrobial and tissue-adhesive properties.
- Drug Type: Small molecule drugs, nucleic acids (siRNA, mRNA), and proteins/peptides are all being investigated for PDA-based delivery, with a growing emphasis on combination therapies.
- End User: Pharmaceutical and biotechnology companies, research institutes, and contract research organizations (CROs) are the primary users, with increasing interest from hospital research centers as clinical translation progresses.
From 2025 to 2030, the PDA nanoparticle drug delivery market is projected to experience a compound annual growth rate (CAGR) in the double digits, as more products advance into clinical trials and regulatory pathways become clearer. The expansion is supported by ongoing collaborations between material suppliers, such as Sigma-Aldrich (now part of Merck KGaA), and pharmaceutical innovators, facilitating scale-up and GMP-compliant production of PDA nanoparticles.
Looking ahead, the market outlook is optimistic, with expectations that PDA-based nanocarriers will transition from research tools to approved therapeutic products by the end of the decade. The increasing availability of high-purity PDA nanoparticles from established suppliers, combined with advances in surface engineering and drug conjugation, is set to accelerate clinical adoption and commercial deployment in multiple therapeutic areas.
Competitive Analysis: Strategies and Partnerships
The competitive landscape for polydopamine (PDA) nanoparticle drug delivery systems is rapidly evolving in 2025, driven by a surge in strategic collaborations, licensing agreements, and technology integration among pharmaceutical companies, nanomaterials manufacturers, and academic research centers. The unique adhesive and biocompatible properties of PDA nanoparticles have positioned them as a promising platform for targeted drug delivery, particularly in oncology, immunotherapy, and regenerative medicine.
Key industry players are leveraging partnerships to accelerate the translation of PDA-based drug delivery systems from laboratory research to clinical application. For instance, Evonik Industries AG, a global leader in specialty chemicals and advanced drug delivery solutions, has expanded its nanomaterials portfolio to include PDA-based carriers, collaborating with biotech startups and academic institutions to optimize surface functionalization and payload encapsulation. Similarly, Merck KGaA (operating as MilliporeSigma in the US and Canada) is actively investing in the development and supply of PDA nanoparticles for pharmaceutical R&D, supporting custom synthesis and scale-up for clinical trials.
In Asia, Nanocs Inc. is recognized for its commercial supply of polydopamine-coated nanoparticles, catering to both research and preclinical development sectors. The company’s focus on customizable surface chemistry has attracted partnerships with pharmaceutical firms seeking to enhance the targeting efficiency and controlled release profiles of their therapeutics. Meanwhile, Sigma-Aldrich (now part of Merck KGaA) continues to provide a broad catalog of PDA nanoparticles and related reagents, supporting innovation in drug delivery research worldwide.
Strategic alliances are also being forged between nanotechnology startups and established pharmaceutical companies to co-develop PDA-based delivery platforms for specific therapeutic areas. These collaborations often involve joint intellectual property development, shared access to manufacturing infrastructure, and co-marketing agreements. For example, several early-stage biotech firms are entering into licensing deals with larger players to leverage their regulatory expertise and global distribution networks.
Looking ahead, the competitive dynamics are expected to intensify as more companies seek to differentiate their PDA nanoparticle offerings through proprietary surface modifications, stimuli-responsive release mechanisms, and integration with biologics or gene therapies. The next few years will likely see increased investment in clinical validation, regulatory submissions, and commercialization efforts, with a focus on demonstrating safety, efficacy, and scalability. As the field matures, companies with robust R&D pipelines, strong intellectual property portfolios, and strategic partnerships will be best positioned to capture market share in the burgeoning PDA nanoparticle drug delivery sector.
Emerging Trends: Smart Nanocarriers and Personalized Medicine
Polydopamine (PDA) nanoparticle drug delivery systems are at the forefront of emerging trends in smart nanocarriers and personalized medicine as of 2025. PDA, inspired by the adhesive properties of mussel foot proteins, offers a versatile platform for drug encapsulation, surface modification, and targeted delivery. Its biocompatibility, ease of functionalization, and photothermal properties have positioned PDA nanoparticles as promising candidates for next-generation therapeutics.
Recent years have seen a surge in research and early-stage commercialization of PDA-based nanocarriers. These systems are being engineered to respond to specific physiological triggers—such as pH, redox conditions, or external stimuli like near-infrared (NIR) light—enabling controlled and site-specific drug release. This smart responsiveness is particularly valuable in oncology, where minimizing off-target toxicity is critical. For example, PDA nanoparticles loaded with chemotherapeutics or gene-editing agents can be directed to tumor sites and activated by NIR irradiation, releasing their payload precisely where needed.
In 2025, several biotechnology and nanomaterials companies are advancing PDA nanoparticle platforms toward clinical translation. Evonik Industries, a global leader in specialty chemicals and advanced drug delivery materials, has expanded its portfolio to include PDA-based coatings and carriers, leveraging their tunable surface chemistry for improved drug loading and targeting. Similarly, Thermo Fisher Scientific is supplying research-grade PDA nanoparticles and functionalization kits, supporting both academic and industrial R&D in this area.
The integration of PDA nanocarriers with personalized medicine is a key trend. By conjugating targeting ligands—such as antibodies or aptamers—onto PDA surfaces, these systems can be tailored to individual patient biomarkers, enhancing therapeutic efficacy and reducing adverse effects. This approach aligns with the broader movement toward precision oncology and individualized treatment regimens. Additionally, PDA’s inherent photothermal conversion capability is being harnessed for combined therapy and diagnostics (theranostics), enabling real-time monitoring of drug delivery and therapeutic response.
Looking ahead, the next few years are expected to bring further advances in scalable manufacturing, regulatory approval, and clinical adoption of PDA nanoparticle drug delivery systems. Industry collaborations and partnerships with academic institutions are accelerating the translation of laboratory breakthroughs into practical therapies. As companies like Evonik Industries and Thermo Fisher Scientific continue to invest in this technology, PDA-based smart nanocarriers are poised to play a significant role in the evolution of personalized and precision medicine.
Challenges: Scalability, Biocompatibility, and Regulatory Hurdles
Polydopamine (PDA) nanoparticle drug delivery systems have garnered significant attention for their versatility, biocompatibility, and potential for targeted therapy. However, as the field moves into 2025, several challenges remain that could impact the translation of these systems from laboratory research to clinical and commercial applications. The most pressing issues are scalability of production, ensuring consistent biocompatibility, and navigating complex regulatory pathways.
Scalability is a primary concern as academic protocols for PDA nanoparticle synthesis often rely on batch processes that are difficult to reproduce at industrial scale. The uniformity of particle size, surface functionalization, and drug loading efficiency are critical for therapeutic efficacy and safety, yet these parameters can vary significantly with scale-up. Companies such as Merck KGaA (operating as Sigma-Aldrich) and Thermo Fisher Scientific supply polydopamine and related nanomaterials for research, but large-scale, GMP-compliant manufacturing of PDA nanoparticles for clinical use remains limited. In 2025, industry players are investing in continuous flow synthesis and advanced process control to address these challenges, but robust, cost-effective solutions are still under development.
Biocompatibility is another critical hurdle. While PDA is generally considered biocompatible due to its similarity to natural melanin, the long-term fate of PDA nanoparticles in vivo, their degradation products, and potential immunogenicity are not fully understood. Regulatory agencies such as the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency require comprehensive toxicological data, including chronic exposure and biodistribution studies. In 2025, collaborative efforts between industry and academia are underway to generate standardized biocompatibility data, but the lack of harmonized testing protocols continues to slow progress.
Regulatory hurdles are particularly formidable for novel nanomaterials like PDA. The absence of specific regulatory guidelines for PDA nanoparticles means that developers must navigate a patchwork of requirements intended for other nanomaterials or conventional drugs. This uncertainty increases development costs and timelines. Organizations such as The Nanotechnology Industries Association are advocating for clearer regulatory frameworks and engaging with regulators to establish standards tailored to PDA-based systems. However, as of 2025, regulatory approval for PDA nanoparticle drug delivery systems remains rare, with most products still in preclinical or early clinical stages.
Looking ahead, overcoming these challenges will require coordinated efforts among material suppliers, pharmaceutical companies, regulatory bodies, and industry associations. Advances in scalable manufacturing, standardized biocompatibility testing, and regulatory clarity are expected to shape the trajectory of PDA nanoparticle drug delivery systems over the next several years.
Future Outlook: Disruptive Potential and Investment Opportunities
The future outlook for polydopamine (PDA) nanoparticle drug delivery systems in 2025 and the coming years is marked by significant disruptive potential and growing investment opportunities. PDA, inspired by the adhesive properties of mussel proteins, has emerged as a versatile nanomaterial for drug delivery due to its biocompatibility, ease of functionalization, and strong drug-loading capacity. As the pharmaceutical and biotechnology sectors intensify their focus on precision medicine and targeted therapies, PDA nanoparticles are positioned to play a transformative role.
Several leading companies and research-driven organizations are actively exploring PDA-based platforms. For instance, Thermo Fisher Scientific and Sigma-Aldrich (now part of Merck KGaA) supply polydopamine and related nanomaterials, supporting both academic and industrial R&D. These suppliers are crucial in enabling startups and established pharmaceutical firms to prototype and scale up PDA nanoparticle formulations. Additionally, Creative Biolabs and Nanocomposix (now part of Fisher Scientific) offer custom nanoparticle synthesis and characterization services, further accelerating innovation in this space.
Recent years have seen a surge in preclinical studies demonstrating the efficacy of PDA nanoparticles in delivering chemotherapeutics, gene therapies, and immunomodulators with enhanced targeting and reduced side effects. The modular surface chemistry of PDA allows for the attachment of targeting ligands, imaging agents, and stimuli-responsive elements, making it attractive for next-generation theranostics. In 2025, the sector is expected to witness the first wave of early-phase clinical trials for PDA-based drug delivery systems, particularly in oncology and inflammatory diseases.
Investment activity is also on the rise. Venture capital and strategic corporate investors are increasingly interested in nanomedicine startups leveraging PDA technology, recognizing its potential to address unmet medical needs and improve patient outcomes. The scalability of PDA synthesis and its compatibility with existing pharmaceutical manufacturing processes further enhance its commercial appeal.
Looking ahead, the disruptive potential of PDA nanoparticles lies in their ability to enable personalized, targeted, and combination therapies. As regulatory frameworks for nanomedicines evolve and more clinical data become available, PDA-based systems are likely to attract greater investment and partnership opportunities. Companies with strong capabilities in nanomaterial synthesis, drug formulation, and clinical translation—such as Thermo Fisher Scientific and Merck KGaA—are well positioned to lead and shape this emerging market.
Sources & References
- Thermo Fisher Scientific
- Nanomaterials Company
- XBiotech
- Nanoshel
- Creative Peptides
- Evonik Industries AG
- European Medicines Agency
- Fisher Scientific
